Education System of Bihar

Historically, Bihar has been a major centre of learning, home to the universities of Nalanda (one of the earliest universities of India dating back to the fifth century) and Vikramshila. Unfortunately, that tradition of learning which had its origin from the time of Buddha or perhaps earlier, was lost during the medieval period when it is believed that marauding armies of the invaders destroyed these centres of learning.
Bihar saw a revival of sorts during the later part of the British rule when they established a University at Patna along with a few other centres of high learning, viz. Science College, Patna, Prince of Wales Medical College (Now Patna Medical College and Hospital), and Bihar Engineering College (Now National Institute of Technology, Patna). However, this early lead got lost in the post independence period when the politicians from Bihar lost out in the race of getting centers of education established in Bihar.
Modern Bihar has a grossly inadequate educational infrastructure creating a huge mismatch between demand and supply. This problem is further compounded by increases in population. The craving for higher education among the general population of Bihar has led to a massive migration of the student community from the state. This has led to a "flooding" of students to seek educational opportunities in other states, such as New Delhi and Karnataka, even for graduation level college education.
In spite of the meager investment on education in Bihar, compared to other poorer Indian states, owing to class based reservation (of which Bihar's Pupils have been the main beneficiaries) the students have as a result done very well. Famed national institutes of learning such as IIT, IIM and AIIMS have always had a good representation from Bihar. There is also thought to be growing discontentment among students of other classes who claim however that pure merit has taken a back seat in the nation's education system as a result of giving reservation to people of backward classes. Other institutions of higher learning and coveted positions in the government also show a greater share than the percentage of their population. A recent survey by Pratham rated the absorption of their teaching by the Bihar children better than those in other states.

School
Bihar has had a system of district schools (called Zila schools), located at the headquarters of the older districts of Bihar. These schools have an excellent reputation and were centers of excellence. In addition, there were several private and semi aided schools which were run and administered by local village communities. Several of them were known for their high quality education.

During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the state government took over management of most privately run schools. This adversely affected school education in the state since the state government was ill equipped to manage the schools through its bureaucrats who were trained for law and order duties. Though the state accorded them government recognition, the standard started to fall. Thankfully, the state did not take over the schools run by the Christian missionaries and these schools provided a fillip to quality education in Bihar.

As in other states, the central government runs a number of Kendriya Vidvalayas (Central Schools) and Jawahar Navodaya Schools for rural students.Jawahar Navodaya Schools started by the late Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi have been particularly successful in providing quality education to the weaker sections of the society.
The number of Private schools, including school-chains and Missionary Schools run by Christian Missionaries as well as Madrasas, or schools run by Muslim clerics, has increased in the post liberalisation era.
Most of the schools in Bihar are affiliated with the Bihar School Examination Board, while the Kendriya Vidyalay and a few other elite schools including the Christian Missionary Schools are affiliated to the ICSE and CBSE boards..
In spite of the poor condition of schools in Bihar, students from there are performing excellent with respect to other economically better off states of India thanks to the law of affirmative action which provides for reservations in jobs and education for people of backward classes. The people of Bihar have also made considerable gains economically, more so than people of other states over the last decade as a result.

Universities and Colleges :-
Bihar has twelve universities recognized by the states:
1. Patna University, Patna
2. Magadh University, Bodh Gaya
3. B.R.Ambedkar Bihar University, Muzaffarpur
4. Tilka Manihi Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur
5. Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Darbhanga
6. Kameshwar Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit university, Darbhanga
7. Jaiprakash University, Chapra
8. Bhupendra Narayan Mandal University, Madhepura
9. Veer Kunwar Singh University, Arrah

10. Nalanda Open University, Patna
11. Rajendra Agriculture University, Samastipur

The University of Patna, established in 1917 and among the oldest university on the Indian subcontinent, is the most prominent among these. It has 11 colleges, including the Science College, Patna, B.N.College, Patna, Patna Women’s College, Patna College, Patna and Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna. Magadh Mahila College.

Engineering Colleges in Bihar:


1. National Institute of Technology, Patna(1924)
2. Bhagalpur College of Engineering, Bhagalpur (1960)
3. Muzaffarpur Institute of Technology, Muzaffarpur(1954)

Private Institutions:

1. Maulana Azad college of Engineering and Technology, Patna(1990)
2. BIT Mesra Extension Centre Patna(2006)
3. R.P Sharma Institute of Technology, Patna

The list of the Medical colleges in Bihar:
1. Patna Medical College and Hospital and Nalanda Medical College and Hospital at Patna.
2. Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital at Muzaffarpur
3. Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital at Gaya.
4. Bhagalpur Medical College and Hospital at Bhagalpur
5. Darbhanga Medical college and Hospital at Darbhanga

Management Institutes in Bihar:
1. Lalit Narayan Mishra Institute of Economic Development and Social Change.
2. ICFAI National college, Patna, BP Kiorala Marg (Bank Road), Patna – 800001
3. Gaya College (Affiliated to Magadh University), Gaya Bihar.
4. Indian Institute of Business Management (Recognised by AICTE, New Delhi), Buddh Marg, Patna
5. A.N. Sinha Institute of Social Sciences, Patna.
6. Shanti Sewa Samiti’s Indian Institute of Hotel Management, Patna

Law Institutes in Bihar:
1. Chanakya National Law University(A.N. Sinha Institute of Social Sciences campus) , Patna.
2. A. N. Law College (Affiliated to Magadh University), Gaya, Bihar.
3. S.K.J. Law College Muzaffarpur (Affiliated to B.R.A. Bihar University)

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